Higher Compact Multiple Occurrence around Metal-poor M-dwarfs and Late-K-dwarfs

Abstract The planet–metallicity correlation serves as a potential link between exoplanet systems we observe them today and the effects of bulk composition on planet formation process. Many observers have noted tendency for Jovian planets to form around stars with higher metallicities; however, there is no consensus trend smaller planets. Here, investigate rocky in single- multi-planet Kepler M-dwarf late-K-dwarf stars. Due molecular blanketing dim nature these low-mass stars, it difficult make direct elemental abundance measurements via spectroscopy. We instead use combination accurate uniformly measured parallaxes photometry obtain relative metallicities validate this method subsample spectroscopically determined metallicities. Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test, Mann–Whitney U-test, Anderson–Darling (AD) test compare compact multiple planetary single-transiting detected transiting find that are derived from statistically more metal-poor population, p -value 0.015 K-S 0.005 value 2.574 AD statistic, which exceeds threshold significance by factor 25. conclude metallicity plays significant role determining architecture systems. Compact multiples either readily, or likely survive gigayear timescales,